![]() We know from our experience with water that substances can change from one phase to another if the conditions are right. ![]() We encounter matter in each phase every day in fact, we regularly encounter water in all three phases: ice (solid), water (liquid), and steam (gas). Gases have neither a definite shape nor a definite volume, and they expand to fill their containers. Liquids ordinarily have a definite volume but not a definite shape they take the shape of their containers. A solid has a definite shape and a definite volume. These three descriptions, each implying that the matter has certain physical properties, represent the three phases A certain form of matter that includes a specific set of physical properties. We will see examples of both macroscopic and microscopic viewpoints throughout this book ( Figure 1.3 "How Many Particles Are Needed for a Period in a Sentence?").Īnother way to classify matter is to describe it as a solid, a liquid, or a gas, which was done in the examples of solutions. ![]() However, scientists can also describe chemical events on the level of individual atoms or molecules, which is referred to as the microscopic A view of the universe in which one is working with a few atoms or molecules at a time. When a scientist is working with large numbers of atoms or molecules at a time, the scientist is studying the macroscopic A view of the universe in which one is working with large numbers of atoms or molecules at a time. ![]() Scientists usually work with millions and millions of atoms and molecules at a time. Molecules are composed of atoms that are attached together and behave as a unit. The smallest part of a compound that maintains the identity of that compound is called a molecule The smallest part of a compound that maintains the identity of that compound. Atoms are extremely tiny to make a line 1 inch long, you would need 217 million iron atoms. The smallest part of an element that maintains the identity of that element is called an atom The smallest part of an element that maintains the identity of that element. By definition, any single substance is pure. Sometimes the word pure is added to substance, but this is not absolutely necessary.
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